Tuesday 12 September 2017

Contents of the Constitution of India (Urdu)



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Part: I

The Union and its Territory

1. Name and territory of the Union.
2. Admission or establishment of new States.
2A. [Repealed.]
3. Formation of new States and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing States.
4. Laws made under articles 2 and 3 to provide for the amendment of the First and the Fourth Schedules and supplemental, incidental and consequential matters.

Part: II

Citizenship

5. Citizenship at the commencement of the Constitution.
6. Rights of citizenship of certain persons who have migrated to India from Pakistan.
7. Rights of citizenship of certain migrants to Pakistan.
8. Rights of citizenship of certain persons of Indian origin residing outside India.
9. Persons voluntarily acquiring citizenship of a foreign State not to be citizens.
10. Continuance of the rights of citizenship.
11. Parliament to regulate the right of citizenship by law.

Part: III

Fundamental Rights


General

12. Definition.
13. Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of the fundamental rights.

Right to Equality

14. Equality before law.
15. Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth.
16. Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment.
17. Abolition of Untouchability.
18. Abolition of titles.

Right to Freedom

19. Protection of certain rights regarding freedom of speech, etc.
20. Protection in respect of conviction for offences.
21. Protection of life and personal liberty.
21A. Right to education.
22. Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases.

Right against Exploitation

23. Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour.
24. Prohibition of employment of children in factories,etc.

Right to Freedom of Religion

25. Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion.
26. Freedom to manage religious affairs.
27. Freedom as to payment of taxes for promotion of any particular religion.
28. Freedom as to attendance at religious instruction or religious worship in certain educational institutions.

Cultural and Educational Rights

29. Protection of interests of minorities.
30. Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions.
31. [Repealed.]

Saving of Certain Laws

31A. Saving of Laws providing for acquisition of estates, etc.
31B.Validation of certain Acts and Regulations.
31C. Saving of laws giving effect to certain directive principles.
31D. [Repealed.]

Right to Constitutional Remedies

32. Remedies for enforcement of rights conferred by this Part.
32A. [Repealed.]
33. Power of Parliament to modify the rights conferred by this Part in their application to Forces, etc.
34. Restriction on rights conferred by this Part while martial law is in force in any area.
35. Legislation to give effect to the provisions of this Part.

Part: IV

Directive Principles of State Policy


36. Definition.
37. Application of the principles contained in this Part.
38. State to secure a social order for the promotion of welfare of the people.
39. Certain principles of policy to be followed by the State.
39A. Equal justice and free legal aid.
40. Organisation of village panchayats.
41. Right to work, to education and to public assistance in certain cases.
42. Provision for just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief.
43. Living wage, etc., for workers.
43A. Participation of workers in management of industries.
44. Uniform civil code for the citizens.
45. Provision for early childhood care and education to children below the age of six years.
46. Promotion of educational and economic interests of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and other weaker sections.
47. Duty of the State to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to improve public health.
48. Organisation of agriculture and animal husbandry.
48A. Protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forests and wild life.
49. Protection of monuments and places and objects of national importance.
50. Separation of judiciary from executive.
51. Promotion of international peace and security.

Part: IVA

Fundamental Duties



Part: V

The Union

Chapter I.— The Executive

President and Vice-President

52. The President of India.
53. Executive power of the Union.
54. Election of President.
55. Manner of election of President.
56. Term of office of President.
57. Eligibility for re-election.
58. Qualifications for election as President.
59. Conditions of President’s office.
60. Oath or affirmation by the President.
61. Procedure for impeachment of the President.
62. Time of holding election to fill vacancy in the office of President and the term of office of person elected to fill casual vacancy.

63. The Vice-President of India.
64. The Vice-President to be ex officio Chairman of the Council of States.
65. The Vice-President to act as President or to discharge his functions during casual vacancies in the office, or during the absence, of President.
66. Election of Vice-President.
67. Term of office of Vice-President.
68. Time of holding election to fill vacancy in the office of Vice-President and the term of office of person elected to fill casual vacancy.
69. Oath or affirmation by the Vice-President.
70. Discharge of President’s functions in other contingencies.
71. Matters relating to, or connected with, the election of a President or Vice-President.
72. Power of President to grant pardons, etc., and to suspend, remit or commute sentences in certain cases.
73. Extent of executive power of the Union.

Council of Ministers

74. Council of Ministers to aid and advise President.
75. Other provisions as to Ministers.

The Attorney-General for India

76. Attorney-General for India.

Conduct of Government Business

77. Conduct of business of the Government of India.
78. Duties of Prime Minister as respects the furnishing of information to the President, etc.

Chapter II . Parliament

General

79. Constitution of Parliament.
80. Composition of the Council of States.
81. Composition of the House of the People.
82. Readjustment after each census.
83. Duration of Houses of Parliament.
84. Qualification for membership of Parliament.
85. Sessions of Parliament, prorogation and dissolution.
86. Right of President to address and send messages to Houses.
87. Special address by the President.
88. Rights of Ministers and Attorney-General as respects Houses.

Officers of Parliament

89. The Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Council of States.
90. Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the office of Deputy Chairman.
91. Power of the Deputy Chairman or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Chairman.
92. The Chairman or the Deputy Chairman not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration.
93. The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the House of the People .
94. Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the offices of Speaker and Deputy Speaker.
95. Power of the Deputy Speaker or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Speaker.
96. The Speaker or the Deputy Speaker not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration.
97. Salaries and allowances of the Chairman and Deputy Chairman and the Speaker and Deputy Speaker.
98. Secretariat of Parliament.

Conduct of Business

99. Oath or affirmation by members.
100. Voting in Houses, power of Houses to act notwithstanding vacancies and quorum.

Disqualifications of Members

101. Vacation of seats.
102. Disqualifications for membership.
103. Decision on questions as to disqualifications of members.
104. Penalty for sitting and voting before making oath or affirmation under article 99 or when not qualified or when disqualified.

Powers, Privileges and Immunities of Parliament and its Members

105. Powers, privileges, etc., of the Houses of Parliament and of the members and committees thereof.
106. Salaries and allowances of members.

Legislative Procedure

107. Provisions as to introduction and passing of Bills.
108. Joint sitting of both Houses in certain cases.
109. Special procedure in respect of Money Bills.
110. Definition of “Money Bills”.
111. Assent to Bills.

Procedure in Financial Matters

112. Annual financial statement.
113. Procedure in Parliament with respect to estimates.
114. Appropriation Bills.
115. Supplementary, additional or excess grants.
116. Votes on account, votes of credit and exceptional grants.
117. Special provisions as to financial Bills.

Procedure Generally

118. Rules of procedure.
119. Regulation by law of procedure in Parliament in relation to financial business.
120. Language to be used in Parliament.
121. Restriction on discussion in Parliament.
122. Courts not to inquire into proceedings of Parliament.

Chapter III.— Legislative powers of the President

123. Power of President to promulgate Ordinances during recess of  Parliament.


Chapter IV.—The Union Judiciary

124. Establishment and constitution of Supreme Court.
125. Salaries, etc., of Judges.
126. Appointment of acting Chief Justice.
127. Appointment of ad hoc judges.
128. Attendance of retired Judges at sittings of the Supreme Court.
129. Supreme Court to be a court of record.
130. Seat of Supreme Court.
131. Original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.
131A. [Repealed.]
132. Appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court in appeals from High Courts in certain cases.
133. Appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court in appeals from High Courts in regard to Civil matters.
134. Appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court in regard to criminal matters.
134A. Certificate for appeal to the Supreme Court.
135. Jurisdiction and powers of the Federal Court under existing law to be exercisable by the Supreme Court.


Chapter V.— Comptroller And Auditor-General Of India

The Union (Articles 148-151) of India (Urdu)
148. Comptroller and Auditor-General of India.
149. Duties and powers of the Comptroller and Auditor-General.
150. Form of accounts of the Union and of the States.
151. Audit reports.


Part: VI

The States


Chapter I.— General

The States (Article 152) of India (Urdu)

152: Definition.
Chapter II. The Executive

The Governor

The States (Articles 153-162) of India (Urdu)
153. Governors of States.
154. Executive power of State.
155. Appointment of Governor.
156. Term of office of Governor.
157. Qualifications for appointment as Governor.
158. Conditions of Governor’s office
159. Oath or affirmation by the Governor.
160. Discharge of the functions of the Governor in certain contingencies.
161. Power of Governor to grant pardons, etc., and to suspend, remit or commute sentences in certain cases.
162. Extent of executive power of State.



Council of Ministers

The States (Articles 163-164) of India (Urdu)

163. Council of Ministers to aid and advise Governor.
164. Other provisions as to Ministers.



The Advocate-General for the State

The States (Article 165) of India (Urdu)
165. Advocate-General for the State.


Conduct of Government Business

The States (Articles 166-167) of India (Urdu)

166. Conduct of business of the Government of a State.
167. Duties of Chief Minister as respects the furnishing of information to Governor, etc.


Chapter III.— The State Legislature

General

The States (Articles 168-177) of India (Urdu)
168. Constitution of Legislatures in States.
169. Abolition or creation of Legislative Councils in States.
170. Composition of the Legislative Assemblies.
171. Composition of the Legislative Councils.
172. Duration of State Legislatures.
173. Qualification for membership of the State Legislature.
174. Sessions of the State Legislature, prorogation and dissolution.
175. Right of Governor to address and send messages to the House or Houses.
176. Special address by the Governor.
177. Rights of Ministers and Advocate-General as respects the Houses.



Officers of the State Legislature


The States (Articles 178-187) of India (Urdu)

178. The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly.
179. Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the offices of Speaker and Deputy Speaker.
180. Power of the Deputy Speaker or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Speaker.
181. The Speaker or the Deputy Speaker not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration.
182. The Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Legislative Council.
183. Vacation and resignation of, and removal from, the offices of Chairman and Deputy Chairman.
184. Power of the Deputy Chairman or other person to perform the duties of the office of, or to act as, Chairman.
185. The Chairman or the Deputy Chairman not to preside while a resolution for his removal from office is under consideration.
186. Salaries and allowances of the Speaker and Deputy Speaker and the Chairman and Deputy Chairman.
187. Secretariat of State Legislature.


Conduct of Business
188. Oath or affirmation by members.
189. Voting in Houses, power of Houses to act notwithstanding vacancies and quorum.



Disqualifications of Members

The States (Articles 190-193) of India (Urdu)
190. Vacation of seats.
191. Disqualifications for membership.
192. Decision on questions as to disqualifications of members.
193. Penalty for sitting and voting before making oath or affirmation under article 188 or when not qualified or when disqualified.


Powers, privileges and immunities of State Legislatures and their Members

The States (Articles 194-195) of India (Urdu)
194. Powers, privileges, etc., of the Houses of Legislatures and of the members and committees thereof.
195. Salaries and allowances of members.




Legislative Procedure

The States (Articles 196-201) of India (Urdu)
196. Provisions as to introduction and passing of Bills.
197. Restriction on powers of Legislative Council as to Bills other than Money Bills.
198. Special procedure in respect of Money Bills.
199. Definition of “Money Bills”.
200. Assent to Bills.
201. Bills reserved for consideration.



Procedure in Financial Matters

The States (Articles 202-207) of India (Urdu)
202. Annual financial statement.
203. Procedure in Legislature with respect to estimates.
204. Appropriation Bills.
205. Supplementary, additional or excess grants.
206. Votes on account, votes of credit and exceptional grants.
207. Special provisions as to financial Bills.


Procedure Generally

The States (Articles 208-212) of India (Urdu)
208. Rules of procedure.
209. Regulation by law of procedure in the Legislature of the State in relation to financial business.
210. Language to be used in the Legislature.
211. Restriction on discussion in the Legislature.
212. Courts not to inquire into proceedings of the Legislature.


Chapter IV.Legislative powers of the Governor
213. Power of Governor to promulgate Ordinances during recess of Legislature.


Chapter V.The High Courts in the States

214. High Courts for States.
215. High Courts to be courts of record.
216. Constitution of High Courts.
217. Appointment and conditions of the office of a Judge of a High Court.
218. Application of certain provisions relating to Supreme Court to High Courts.
219. Oath or affirmation by Judges of High Courts.
220. Restriction on practice after being a permanent Judge.
221. Salaries, etc., of Judges.
222. Transfer of a Judge from one High Court to another.
223. Appointment of acting Chief Justice.

The States (Articles 224-232) of India (Urdu)
224. Appointment of additional and acting Judges—
224A. Appointment of retired Judges at sittings of High Courts
225. Jurisdiction of existing High Courts
226. Power of High Courts to issue certain writs.—
226A. Repealed
227. Power of superintendence over all courts by the High Court—
228. Transfer of certain cases to High Court.—
228A. Omitted
229. Officers and servants and the expenses of High Courts.—
230. Extension of jurisdiction of High Courts to Union territories.—
231. Establishment of a common High Court for two or more States.—
232. Interpretation.-



Chapter VI.—Subordinate Courts

The States (Articles 233-237) of India (Urdu)

233. Appointment of district judges.—
233A. Validation of appointments of, and judgments, etc., delivered by, certain district judges.—
234. Recruitment of persons other than district judges to the judicial service.—
235. Control over subordinate courts.—
236. Interpretation.—
237. Application of the provisions of this Chapter to certain class or classes of magistrates.—


Part:VII [Omitted]

First Schedule Part B States (Article 238) of India (Urdu)
238. Application of provisions of Part VI to States in Part B of the First Schedule. [Omitted]

Part:XVII

Official Language

Chapter I.— Language of the Union

343. Official language of the Union.
344. Commission and Committee of Parliament on official language.

Chapter II.—Regional Languages

345. Official language or languages of a State.
346. Official language for communication between one State and another or between a State and the Union.
347. Special provision relating to language spoken by a section of the population of a State.

Chapter III.—Language of the Supreme Court, High Courts, etc.

348. Language to be used in the Supreme Court and in the High Courts and for Acts, Bills, etc.
349. Special procedure for enactment of certain laws relating to language.

Chapter IV.—Special Directives

350. Language to be used in representations for redress of grievances.
350A. Facilities for instruction in mother-tongue at primary stage.
350B. Special Officer for linguistic minorities.
351. Directive for development of the Hindi language.

Part: XX

Ammendment of the Constitution

Amendment of the Constitution (Article 368) of India (Urdu)
368. Power of Parliament to amend the Constitution and procedure therefor.

Part: XXII

Short Title, Commencement, Authoritative Text in Hindi & Repeals of the Constitution
393. Short title.
394. Commencement.
394A. Authoritative text in the Hindi language.
395. Repeals.
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Schedules

I. —The States.
II. —The Union territories.

Part A— Provisions as to the President and the Governors of States.
Part B— [Repealed]
Part C—Provisions as to the Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the House of the People and the Chairman and the Deputy Chairman of the Council of the States

Forms of Oaths or Affirmations.

Allocation of seats in the Council of States.

Languages.

Provisions as to disqualification on ground of defection.



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